當(dāng)濟南街頭的鐵藝大門歷經(jīng)風(fēng)雨洗禮，表面涂層開始片片剝落，露出斑駁銹跡，不僅影響門面美觀，更可能加速金屬腐蝕。想要讓大門重?zé)ü獠?，從清理、防銹到重新涂裝，每一步都藏著修復(fù)的關(guān)鍵，掌握這些技巧，舊大門也能 “逆襲” 成顏值擔(dān)當(dāng)。

　　When the iron gates on the streets of Jinan are weathered by wind and rain, the surface coating begins to peel off in patches, revealing mottled rust, which not only affects the appearance of the storefront, but may also accelerate metal corrosion. To make the gate shine again, from cleaning, rust prevention to repainting, every step hides the key to repair. By mastering these skills, the old gate can also be transformed into a stylish and responsible one.

　　一、查明 “病因”：找準(zhǔn)涂層脫落的根源

　　1、 Identifying the 'cause': pinpointing the root cause of coating detachment

　　涂層脫落并非偶然，濟南多變的氣候是 “主謀”。夏季烈日暴曬，紫外線會逐漸分解涂層中的顏料與樹脂，使其變脆剝落；雨季頻繁，雨水裹挾著空氣中的污染物滲入涂層縫隙，加速銹蝕進(jìn)程；冬季寒潮來襲，低溫導(dǎo)致涂層熱脹冷縮，產(chǎn)生細(xì)微裂紋，最終成片脫落。此外，若大門安裝時涂層噴涂過薄、表面未徹底清潔，或使用了劣質(zhì)涂料，從一開始就埋下了脫落隱患。只有摸清 “病根”，修復(fù)才能事半功倍。

　　The coating peeling off is not accidental, and the changing climate in Jinan is the "mastermind". Under the scorching summer sun, ultraviolet rays will gradually decompose the pigments and resins in the coating, making it brittle and peeling off; The rainy season is frequent, and rainwater carries pollutants from the air into the gaps of the coating, accelerating the corrosion process; The winter cold wave strikes, causing the coating to expand and shrink due to low temperatures, resulting in fine cracks and eventually falling off in patches. In addition, if the coating is sprayed too thin, the surface is not thoroughly cleaned, or inferior paint is used during the installation of the gate, it will bury the risk of detachment from the beginning. Only by identifying the root cause can we achieve twice the result with half the effort in repairing it.

　　二、前期清理：為修復(fù)打好基礎(chǔ)

　　2、 Pre cleaning: laying a solid foundation for repair

　　修復(fù)涂層脫落的第一步，是徹底清理受損區(qū)域。先用鋼絲刷或砂紙打磨剝落部位，去除松動的涂層碎片、銹跡和灰塵，使表面平整粗糙，增強新涂層附著力。對于頑固銹斑，可使用除銹劑噴涂，靜置 5 - 10 分鐘后用清水沖洗，再用干布擦干。若銹蝕深入金屬內(nèi)部，需用電動打磨機將銹跡徹底清除，直至露出光亮的金屬面。清理時要注意，打磨范圍應(yīng)比脫落區(qū)域大出 2 - 3 厘米，確保新舊涂層過渡自然。

　　The first step in repairing coating detachment is to thoroughly clean the damaged area. First, use a wire brush or sandpaper to polish the peeled off area, remove loose coating fragments, rust, and dust, make the surface smooth and rough, and enhance the adhesion of the new coating. For stubborn rust spots, rust remover can be sprayed and left to stand for 5-10 minutes before rinsing with clean water and wiping dry with a dry cloth. If rust penetrates deep into the metal, an electric grinder is needed to thoroughly remove the rust until a shiny metal surface is exposed. When cleaning, it is important to note that the polishing area should be 2-3 centimeters larger than the peeling area to ensure a natural transition between the new and old coatings.

　　三、防銹處理：給大門穿上 “保護(hù)甲”

　　3、 Rust prevention treatment: put "protective armor" on the door

　　鐵銹是鐵藝大門的 “頭號大敵”，清理完成后，必須進(jìn)行防銹處理。選用環(huán)氧富鋅底漆或醇酸防銹漆，用毛刷或噴槍均勻涂抹在打磨后的金屬表面。底漆中的鋅粉或防銹顏料能在金屬表面形成保護(hù)膜，即使涂層后期再次破損，也能減緩銹蝕速度。底漆需涂刷 2 - 3 層，每層間隔 2 - 4 小時，確保厚度達(dá)到 60 - 80 微米。待底漆完全干燥（通常需 24 小時），方可進(jìn)行下一步涂裝。

　　Rust is the "number one enemy" of wrought iron gates, and after cleaning, rust prevention treatment must be carried out. Choose epoxy zinc rich primer or alkyd anti rust paint, and evenly apply it to the polished metal surface with a brush or spray gun. The zinc powder or anti rust pigment in the primer can form a protective film on the metal surface, which can slow down the corrosion rate even if the coating is damaged again in the later stage. The primer needs to be applied in 2-3 layers, with an interval of 2-4 hours between each layer, to ensure a thickness of 60-80 microns. Wait until the primer is completely dry (usually 24 hours) before proceeding to the next step of painting.

　　四、重新涂裝：讓大門 “穿上新衣”

　　4、 Repainting: Dress the door in new clothes

　　底漆干燥后，根據(jù)大門原有顏色和材質(zhì)，選擇匹配的面漆。若追求長久耐用，可選用聚氨酯面漆或氟碳漆，這類涂料耐候性強，抗紫外線、抗磨損性能出色；若預(yù)算有限，醇酸磁漆也是不錯的選擇。涂裝前，將面漆充分?jǐn)嚢杈鶆?，若涂料過稠，可加入適量稀釋劑調(diào)節(jié)至合適黏度。使用噴槍時，保持與大門表面 15 - 20 厘米的距離，以 “Z” 字形勻速移動，確保涂層均勻覆蓋；若用毛刷涂刷，應(yīng)順著鐵藝紋理方向，避免留下刷痕。面漆需涂刷 2 - 3 層，每層間隔 4 - 6 小時，總厚度控制在 80 - 100 微米。

　　After the primer dries, choose a matching topcoat based on the original color and material of the gate. If you pursue long-term durability, you can choose polyurethane topcoat or fluorocarbon paint. These coatings have strong weather resistance, excellent UV resistance, and wear resistance; If the budget is limited, alkyd enamel paint is also a good choice. Before painting, stir the topcoat thoroughly and evenly. If the coating is too thick, add an appropriate amount of diluent to adjust the viscosity to the appropriate level. When using a spray gun, maintain a distance of 15-20 centimeters from the surface of the door and move at a constant speed in a "Z" shape to ensure even coating coverage; If brushing with a brush, it should follow the direction of the iron texture to avoid leaving brush marks. The topcoat needs to be applied in 2-3 layers, with an interval of 4-6 hours between each layer, and the total thickness should be controlled at 80-100 microns.

　　五、細(xì)節(jié)處理：打造完美修復(fù)效果

　　5、 Detail processing: Creating a perfect repair effect

　　重新涂裝后，還需對細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行完善。對于大門的接縫處、焊接點等易積水區(qū)域，可用密封膠填充，防止水汽滲入；邊角、凹槽等噴槍難以覆蓋的部位，要用小毛刷補涂，確保無遺漏。涂裝完成后，靜置 48 - 72 小時，待涂層完全固化，期間避免觸碰或淋雨。若想進(jìn)一步提升防護(hù)效果，可在面漆干燥后，噴涂一層透明保護(hù)蠟或清漆，形成額外保護(hù)膜，延緩?fù)繉永匣?/p>

　　After repainting, it is necessary to further refine the details. For areas prone to water accumulation such as the joints and welding points of the gate, sealant can be used to fill them to prevent water vapor from seeping in; The corners, grooves, and other areas that are difficult to cover with the spray gun should be repaired with a small brush to ensure no omissions. After the coating is completed, let it stand for 48-72 hours until the coating is completely cured, and avoid touching or getting wet during this period. If you want to further improve the protective effect, you can spray a layer of transparent protective wax or varnish after the topcoat is dry to form an additional protective film and delay the aging of the coating.

　　六、日常維護(hù)：預(yù)防勝于修復(fù)

　　6、 Daily maintenance: Prevention is better than repair

　　修復(fù)完成并非終點，日常保養(yǎng)能有效延長涂層壽命。每周用軟布擦拭大門表面，清除灰塵和污漬；遇到頑固污垢，用溫和的中性清潔劑稀釋后擦拭，切忌使用鋼絲球或腐蝕性強的清潔劑。濟南雨季過后，及時擦干積水，防止鐵銹滋生；冬季寒潮來臨前，可噴涂一層防護(hù)劑，增強涂層抗凍性。定期檢查大門涂層狀況，發(fā)現(xiàn)小面積剝落及時修補，避免問題擴大。

　　Repair completion is not the end point, daily maintenance can effectively extend the coating life. Wipe the surface of the door with a soft cloth every week to remove dust and stains; When encountering stubborn dirt, dilute it with a mild neutral cleaner and wipe it off. Avoid using steel wire balls or highly corrosive cleaners. After the rainy season in Jinan, wipe off accumulated water in a timely manner to prevent the growth of rust; Before the arrival of winter cold waves, a layer of protective agent can be sprayed to enhance the frost resistance of the coating. Regularly inspect the coating condition of the gate and promptly repair any small areas of peeling to prevent the problem from escalating.

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